Fossa fossana (Müller 1776, Gray 1864, snout-rump length up to 47cm + 20cm tail) is the extant Malagasy or striped civet. This Madagascar predator nests with Eupleres in the LRT.

Paraenhydrocyon josephi (Wang 1994; originally Temnocyon wallovianus Cope 1881; Early Miocene; 22mya) was a hypercarnivore nesting with Fossa and Eupleres. Based on the angle of the occiput, the nose drops, the face rises, the eyes point more anteriorly, the canines are sabers.

Eupleres major (Doyère 1835 snout-rump length up to 65cm + 25cm tail) is the extant (but nearing extinction) Western falanouc, a purported mongoose from Madagascar. Here it nests as a member of the Carnivora along with Fossa and Paraenhydrocyon. Note the elongate premaxilla, the gracile mandible, the reduced canine and other traits common to both. Diet of worms, slugs, snails. A single young is born in a burrow and can travel with the mother within two days. Madagascar separated from other continental masses in the Late Jurassic 155 mya.