Pappaceras meiomenus (Pappaceras confluens Wood, 1963; Wang et al. 2016; 39cm skull length; Early Eocene) was larger than Miohippus, with orbits remaining at mid skull. Only the skull has been described. The LRT and traditional paleontology nest it basal to the horse-sized Juxia and giant Paraceratherium. But only the LRT nests it close to horses separate from Ceratotherium.

Forstercooperia confluens (formerly Pappaceras confluens, Wood 1963; the size of a large dog) nests between horses and Pappaceras and the paraceratheres / indricotheres. Note the extreme angle of the occiput, like that of a modern horse. Wood's illustration did not include the cranium. Like primitive rhinocerotoids, Forstercooperia possesses blunt ends on the tips of its nasals, above the nasal incision. Rhinoceros fossils are identified as such mainly by characteristics of their teeth, which is the part of the animals most likely to be preserved. The upper molars of most rhinoceroses have a pi (π) shaped pattern on the crown, and each lower molar has paired L-shapes. The LRT does not test molar cusp shapes, but does test other traits from snout to tail tip.