Otsheria and Venjukovia are proto pseudo-dicynodonts derived from small Dromasauria like Patranomodon. Distinct from dicynodonts, which also developed canine tusks, this clade kept its teeth, either flattening or shapening the incisors and turning its postcanine teeth into a battery of cylinders. The broken canine of Anomocephalus had gone unrecognized until reconstructed here.

Otsheria netzvetajevi (PIN 1758/5, Ivakhnenkdo 1990)

Venjukovia prima (PIN 48/1, Amalitskii, 1922)

Anomocephalus africanus (Modesto et al. 1999)

Tiarajudens eccentricus (UFRGS PV393P, Cisneros et al. 2011)

Amalitskii V 1922. Diagnoses of the new forms of vertebrates and plants from the Upper Permian of North Dvina: Bulletin de l’Academie des Sciences, Saint Petersburg 6(16):329-340.

Barry TH 1974. A new dicynodont ancestor from the Upper Ecca. Annals of the South African Museum 64:177-136.

Cisneros, JC, Abdala F, Rubidge BS, Dentzien-Dias D,; Bueno AO 2011. Dental Occlusion in a 260-Million-Year-Old Therapsid with Saber Canines from the Permian of Brazi". Science 331: 1603–1605.

Ivakhnenko M F 1990. The late Paleozoic faunal assemblage of tetrapods from deposits of the Mezen’ River Basin. Paleontological Journal 24:76–84.

Ivakhnenko MF 1995. New primitive therapsids from the Permian of Eastern Europe, Paleontol. Zh. 1995 1995(4):110–119.

Modesto S, Rubidge B and Welman J 1999. The most basal anomodont therapsid and the primacy of Gondwana in the evolution of the anomodonts. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 266: 331–337. PMC 1689688.

palaeocritti/Venjukoivia