Hydrolycus armatus (Jardine 1841, up to 1.1m in length) is the extant dogtooth characin or payara of tropical South America. Here it nests derived from the piranha clade and basal to giant Cretaceous predators, like Xiphactinus. The skull is taller and narrower. The anterior teeth are longer. The maxilla extends to the quadrate. The jugal and postorbital are extensive. The intertemporal, supratemporal and tabular are reduced. A parietal crest is present. The long teeth are used for spearing piscine prey. The palate includes maxilla processes contacting the pterygoid and aventral extension of one of the cranial bones (mesethmoid) developing vomer-type fangs. This seems unlikely. Perhaps these are ordinary vomer fangs. Also note the internal naris perforating the palateinside the premaxilla.

Atacamichthys greeni (Arratia and Schultze 1987, Arratia et al. 2021, Middle, Late Jurassic, ~10cm long) was originally considered an enigma taxon and the only member of the family Atacamichthyidae. Here it nests with Bavarichthys and Notelops in the LRT. No data is available for the postfrontal, here considered missing.

Bavarichthys incognitus (Arratia and Tischlinger 2010; Late Jurassic) was originally considered a crossognathiform, but here nests with Notelops and Atacamichthys.

Pholidophorus? radians (Agassiz 1845; Solnhofen, Late Jurassic) is not close to the holotype of Pholidophorus. Instead it nests close to Notelops from Late Cretaceous South America (below).

Notelops sp. (Woodward 1901; Forey 1977; Early Cretaceous, Santana Formation, 60cm). It traditionally nests with tarpons, but here nests with Salmo, the salmon.