Hiodon, Grossius, Phareodus, Osteoglossum, Cooyoo and BryconGrossius, Phareodus, Pantodon, Osteoglossum, Cooyoo and Brycon

Brycon dentex (Müller and Troschel 1844; 80cm) is the extant South American trout or Sabalo barracuda. Here it nests close to Salmo, the salmon (a type of trout) This omnivore eats fruit and seeds that fall into the water, along with small fish and invertebrates. The naris entrance is confluent with the exit. The teeth are robust and continue down the maxilla.

Cooyoo australis (Lees and Bartholomai 1987, Early Cretaceous) is a long, slender icthyodectid with a large tail, related to Brycon in the LRT.

Grossius aragonensis (Schultze 1973; Late Devonian) has a straight rostrum. This is a medium-sized fish probably reaching 70cm in length. Note the new colors applied here and the basic kull shape that move Grossius to Cooyoo (above). This drawing is simply drawn and does not include teeth.

Hiodon alosoides (Lesueur 1818; 45cm in length) is the extant mooneye, a freshwater fish from eastern North America. It nests basal to mormyrids in the LRT. This species looks more like the more primitive Brycon.

Osteoglossum formosum (Cuvier 1829; up to 2m in length) is the extant arowana or bonytongue. This taxon is among the most primitive of ray fin fish. The manus rays are robust. Note the long dorsal area. The pelvic fins are reduced to strands. A facultive air breather, the slow-moving arowana feeds on prey just above the water. Fossils extend back to the Late Jurassic.

Hiodon tergisus (Lesueur 1818; 45cm in length) is the extant mooneye, a freshwater fish from eastern North America. It nests basal to mormyrids in the LRT.

Phareodus encaustus (Cope 1871; Leidy 1873; Li, Grande and Wilson 1997; Paleocene to Eocene, 65–46mya) from North America, Europe and Australia nests with Hiodon tergisus. Long narrow pectoral fins and small pelvic fins are present on this discoidal fish with a large upper temporal fenestra. The palatine rims the orbit.

Cuvier GCLD 1829. Le Règne Animal distribué d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparée. Avec figures dessinées d'après nature. Nouvelle édition, revue et augmentée. Tome V. Suite et fin des Insectes. Par M. Latreille. Déterville & Crochard, Paris, i-xxiv + 556pp.

Lesueur CA 1818. Descriptions of several new species of North American fishes. Part 1. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1, 222–235.

Lees T and Barholomai A 1987. Study of a lower Cretaceous Actinopterygian (Class Pisces) Cooyoo australis from Queensland, Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 25(1):177–192.

Leidy J 1873. Notice of remains of fishes in the Bridger Tertiary Formation of Wyoming. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia 25:97–99.

Li G-Q, Grande L and Wilson MVH 1997. The species of †Phareodus (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) from the Eocene of North America and their phylogenetic relationships. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17(3):487-505.

Müller JP and Troschel FH 1844. Synopsis generum et specierum familiae Characinorum. (Prodromus descriptionis novorum generum et specierum). Archiv für Naturgeschichte 10(1): 81-99 (Zu pag. 99 foldout).

Schultze H-P 1973. Crossopterygier mit heterozerker Schwanzflosse aus dem Oberdevon Kanadas, nebst einer Beschreibung von Onychodontida-Resten aus dem Mitteldevon Spaniens und aus dem Karbon der USA. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A, 143:188–208.

wiki/Hiodon_tergisu - Mooneye
wiki/Characiformes
wiki/Ostariophysi
wiki/Brycon
wiki/Cooyoo
wiki/Osteoglossum
wiki/Phareodus
wiki/Grossius

Elopomorpha

Elops

Megalops

Annaichthys

Clupea

Hiodon

Osteoglossum

Xiphactinus

Notelops

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