Perleidus, Daninia, Feroxichthys and Ctenognathichthys

Peltopleurus tyrannos (Kner 1866, Xu, Ma and Zhao 2018; Middle Triassic; 7.2cm). In addition to large conical teeth on the oral margins of the jaws, the new peltopleurid bears many blunt teeth of various sizes on the oral margin of the palatopterygoid.

Peltopleurus orientalis (Su 1959) is the more commonly found smaller (2.6cm) and toothless taxon.

Perleidus sp. (Deecke 1889, 1911; Triassic; 15 cm long) was traditionally considered a freshwater ray-fin fish descended from paleonisciforms like Cheirolepis. Here this slow, well-armored fish nests at the base of the Actinopterygii. Note the robust procumbent teeth and diphycercal tail.

Daninia spinosa (Lombardo 2001, MiddleTriassic) is a samll relative of Perleidus.

Feroxichthys yunnanensis (Xu 2020; Middle Triassic; 29cm length; IVPP V 25692) is a possible durophagus (eating hard-shelled prey or corals) fish with robust premaxillary teeth. Like other colobodontids this fish has small, blunt button-like crushing teeth on the posterior jaws.

Ctenognathichthys bellottii (De Allesandri 1910, Tintori 1998, Middle Triassic, 21cm) "comb jaw fish" is a small relative of Feroxicthys. The hatchlings of moray eels (Gymnothorax) also have similar teeth. Note the flat skull and curved preoperculum.

Ctenognathichthys revista has a smaller face and deeper body with tiny fins.

De Alessandri G 1910. Studii sui pesci triassici della I-ombardia. Mem. S!oc. 1t Sc. Nat., 3(1): 1-145, Milano.

Deecke JEW 1889. Ueber Fische aus verschiedenen Horizonten der Trias. Palaeontographica35:97-138.

Kner R 1866.Die Fische der bituminosen Schiefer von Raibl in Kärnthen. Sitz Akad Wiss Wien, 53: 152–197.

Lombardo C 2001. Actinopterygians from the Middle Triassic of Northern Italy and Canton Ticino (Switzerland): Anatomical descriptions and nomenclature problems. Rivista Italiana de Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 107(3):345–369.

Tintori A 1998. Ctenognathichthys bellottii (de Alessandri, 1910): Nomenclature problems and stratigraphical importance of this Middle Triassic actinoopterygian fish. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 104(3)417–422.

Xu G-H. 2020. Feroxichthys yunnanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Colobodontidae, Neopterygii), a large durophagous predator from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Luoping Biota, eastern Yunnan, China. PeerJ 8:e10229 DOI 10.7717/peerj.10229

Xu G-H, Ma X-Yand Zhao L-J 2018. A large peltopleurid fish (Actinopterygii: Peltopleuriformes) from the Middle Triassic of Yunnan and Guizhou, China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 56:106.

wiki/Peltopleurus
wiki/Perleidus
wiki/Daninia – not yet posted
wiki/Feroxichthys - not yet listed
wiki/Colobodontidae
wiki/Ctenognathichthys
wiki/Campbellodus