Tail Hairs and Tail Vanes in Select Fenestrasaurs (including Pterosaurs)
Cosesaurus - Slender hairs, first identified as proto-feather divisions by Ellenberger (1978, 1993, emerge from the entire length of the tail.
Longisquama - Difficult to determine, but possible hairs gathered at the tail tip form a primitive decoration convergent with the vane of later pterosaurs
Anurognathus - Tail hairs restricted to posterior half of the tail vestige.
Batrachognathus - Only a few long hairs tip the vestigial tail.
Campylognathoides - The tail hairs coalesce to become a vertical tail vane that acts as a secondary sexual signal and passively reorients the tail tip in line with the flight path like feathers on an arrow.
Rhamphorhynchus intermedius - Phylogenetic size reduction included tail vane reduction.
Rhamphorhynchus (Vienna specimen) - The vane assumes a diamond shape.
Sordes - An atypical expansion of the distal tail bones including just a few tail hairs forming a vane shape, but not a vane.
Dorygnathus (Donau specimen) - The tail hairs coalesce at the tip but do not form a vane.
Dorygnathus SMNS 50164 - More substantial tail hairs indicated.
Pterorhynchus - Several dozen vanelets extend down the posterior half of the tail. These could be individually expanded tail hairs.
Scaphognathus (Maxburg specimen) - An ephemeral trinagular tail vane may have been present. Subsequent taxa appear to reduce this. |